Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics

WebCelex Help - Dutch uit den Boogaart

Dutch uit den Boogaart contains the following items:

Name	Description	Type
Code1	grammatical code for the word or first part of the word	numeric
Code2	grammatical part of the second part of the word	numeric
FreqS	spoken frequency for the word	numeric
FreqW	written frequency for the word	numeric
Word1	word or first part of multiword	string
Word2	second part of a multiword if applicable	string

Uit den Boogaart Dutch written and spoken frequencies

History

In the early 1970s, a survey of contemporary, general-domain Dutch written and spoken word frequencies was conducted by a team of researchers cooperating in the Working Group Dutch Frequency Research. The idea was to emulate English-language efforts similar in method and scope, such as the Brown corpus. The results were published in a book called "Woordfrequenties: in Geschreven en Gesproken Nederlands", by P.C. uit den Boogaart (Utrecht: Oosthoek, Scheltema & Holkema (1975)). Yet, as the various statistical treatments of the data presented in the book were generated on the basis of a computer file, it is useful to return to this file for purposes of flexible data manipulation.

At the then Technical College in Eindhoven (now: University) the original tape, encompassing 727,302 tokens (605,733 written, 121,569 spoken), was preserved. From Eindhoven, a great number of copies were distributed, usually going under the name of the 'Eindhoven Corpus'. Some versions of the corpus incorporate additional material, such as Jan Renkema's survey of government Dutch ('De Taal van Den Haag'), while more substantial extensions were undertaken within the framework of the Esprit project, under the auspices of the European Union. This 'Esprit Corpus' also contains articles from the Dutch regional newspaper 'De Gelderlander', fragments from novels, etc. The Esprit version amounts to roughly 1.5 million tokens.

The Uit den Boogaart file is offered for historical reasons, but also because no spoken frequencies for Dutch are represented in CELEX as yet. In this sense, this file will probably be quickly superseded by the forthcoming results of the Dutch Spoken Corpus Project (1998-2003). Note that there is *no correspondence* between the Uit den Boogaart list and the other CELEX lists (e.g. dfl.cd and dfw.cd) in terms of vocabulary, frequency measures or grammatical categories, as these were gathered and encoded on the basis of different corpora and distinct criteria.

The CELEX version

The CELEX version of the Eindhoven word list contains only the original Uit den Boogaart corpora and corresponds to the A1 and A2 lists of the printed version. Hapax legomena (words appearing only once in the full corpus) from the A2 list have been merged with the more frequent A1 items.

Two types of tokens have been removed from the list, however:

1. All proper nouns (codes 010 and 012).
2. All 'rest'-items: foreign language citations, non-lexical speech sounds, punctuation marks and meta-data (codes 990, 991, 998 and 999).

Please take note, too, that there are two character representation differences between the CELEX version and the Uit den Boogaart list:

1. All capital letters have been reduced to lowercase (Uit den Boogaart retains capital letters that were used to indicate the start of sentences in running text).
2. All divided words have been linked up, while Uit den Boogaart retains hyphenated transcriptions of words at the end of sentences.

Frequencies for these variant spellings have been merged with the default forms.

So, where Uit den Boogaart has:

organisatie 000 49 2
Organisatie 000 3
or- ganisatie 000 3
orga- nisatie 000 2
organi- satie 000 3

the CELEX version lists a single entry with cumulative frequency:

organisatie 000 60 2

This adaptation reduces the number of tokens in the CELEX version from 727,302 to 676,969 (comprising 57,539 unique type-grammatical code pairs).

Minor adjustments

- One item 'hij' with obviously incorrect code 380 was subsumed under code 300.
- One item "d'r ... bij" with code 545 was subsumed under 540 ... 610.
- One item 'er' with code 516 was subsumed under 510.
- One item 'hoor' with code 587 was subsumed under 287.
- One item 'keizersgracht', being a proper noun, but coded as an adverb, was removed.

Explanation of the three-digit grammatical codes

First of all, note that the Uit den Boogaart file contains 108 items where a grammatical code was not assigned at all or could only be partly assigned, mainly due to transcription problems in the spoken domain. In these cases, one or more dots replace the numerical codes, as in:

dat\...\\\0\2
dan\7.0\\\0\1

Grammatical code table

First Digit	Meaning	Second Digit	Meaning	Third Digit	Meaning
0	Noun	0	Common noun ('aardappel')	0	Base form ('aardappel')
		2	Noun used as adjective ('plastic')	1	Plural ('aardappels')
		8	Noun used as interjection ('hemel')	2	Genitive ('aanschijns')
		9	Word used in noun-like citation or apposition ('het woord "jouw" gebruik je...'	3	Other inflection ('bate')
1	adjective	0	Ordinary adjective ('boos')	0	Base form ('boos')
		2	Adjective used as noun ('het groen')	1	Plural ('bejaarden')
		5	Adjective used as adverb ('aanstekelijk')	2	Genitive ('belachelijks')
		8	Adjective used as interjection ('juist')	3	Other inflection ('boze', 'voorbedachten')
				4	Uninflected comparative ('bozer')
				5	Genitive comparative ('betere', 'ouderen')
				6	Other comparative inflection ('betere', 'ouderen')
				7	Uninflected superlative ('best')
				8	Other superlative inflection ('beste', 'besten')
2	Verb	0	Infinitive/participle, intransitive verb	0	Ordinary infinitive ('krijgen')
		1	Infinitive/participle, transitive verb	1	Infinitive used as noun ('het krijgen')
		2	Infinitive/participle, reflexive verb	2	Uninflected present participle ('durend')
		3	Infinitive/participle, auxiliary or copula	3	Inflected present participle ('kwetsende')
				4	Plural infl. present participle ('levenden')
				5	Present participle, used as adverb ('doortastend')
				6	Uninflected past participle ('gedroogd')
				7	Inflected past participle ('gedroogde')
				8	Plural infl. past participle ('afgevaardigden')
				9	Past participle, used as adverb ('gejaagd')
2	Verb	4	Finite verb form, intransitive verb	1	First person singular present ('doe')
		5	Finite verb form, transitive verb	2	Second person singular present ('hebt')
		6	Finite verb form, reflexive verb	3	Third person singular present ('is')
		7	Finite verb form, auxiliary or copula	4	All persons plural present ('gaan')
		8	Finite verb form, used as interjection	5	All persons singular past ('antwoordde')
				6	All persons plural past ('antwoordden')
				7	Imperative without subject ('ga')
				8	Imperative with subject ('gaat u')
				9	Subjunctive ('moge)
3	Pronoun A	0	Personal pronoun ('zij')	0	Base
		2	Possessive pronoun, pronomial use ('hare')	1	Plural ('degenen')
		3	Possessive pronoun, determinative use ('haar')	2	Genitive ('diens')
		4	Reflexive pronoun, pronomial use ('zichzelf')	3	Other inflection ('onze', 'dezen')
		5	Reflexive pronoun,determinative use ('hetzelfde', 'eigen')
		6	Demonstrative pronoun, pronomial use ('deze', 'degene')
		7	Demonstrative pronoun, determinative use ('deze', 'zodanige')
4	Pronoun B	0	Interrogative pronoun, pronomial use ('wie')	0	Base form ('ieder')
		1	Interrogative pronoun, determinative use ('welk')	1	Plural ('meesten')
		2	Relative pronoun, pronomial use ('die')	2	Genitive ('aller', 'niemands')
		3	Relative pronoun,determinative use ('veel' (mensen))	3	Other inflection, ('iedere')
		4	Indefinite pronoun, pronomial use ('welk')	4	Uninflected comparative ('meer')
		5	Indefinite pronoun, determinative use ('veel' (mensen))	6
		6	Cardinal numeral, pronominal use ('drie' (waren aanwezig))	7	Uninflected superlative ('meest')
		7	Cardinal numeral, determinative use ('drie' (boeken))	9	Other superlative inflection ('meeste', 'meesten')
		8	Ordinal numeral, pronominal use ((de) 'derde' (was er al))
		9	Ordinal numeral, determinative use ((de) 'derde' (man))
5	Adverb	0	Ordinary adverb ('alleen')	0	Base form ('achteraf')
		1	Demonstrative or indefinite adverb ('daar')	3	Other inflection ('hele')
		2	Interrogative adverb ('hoe')	4	Uninflected comparative ('vaker')
		3	Relative adverb ('waar')	7	Uninflected superlative ('vaakst')
		4	Demonstrative or indefinite pronominal adverb ("voornaamwoordelijk bijwoord") ('daarmee', 'er'(...vandoor))	9	Other superlative inflection ('zeerste')
		5	Interrogative pronominal adverb ('waarmee')
		6	Relative pronominal adverb ('waaraan')
		8	Adverb used as interjection ('nou')
6	Preposition and postposition	0	Preposition ('boven')	0	Base form ('aan')
		1	Second part split pronominal adverb ((er...)'mee')	3	Other inflection ('ter')
		2	Non-verbal part separable compound verb ('toe'(kijken))
		3	Second part discontinuous preposition ((door...)'heen')
		4	Postposition (het kanaal)'langs')
		5	(Preposition followed by) 'te'-infinitive ('te', 'door' (te stoppen))
		6	Preposition followed by subordinate clause ('zonder' (dat hij het wist))
7	Conjunction	0	Coordinating conjunction ('maar')	0	Base form ('alsof')
		1	Subordinating conjunction ('hoewel')
		2	Comparative subordinator ('als', 'behalve')
		3	Conjunction with verb-initial clause ('al' (ga ik nog zo vaak...))
		4	First part of correlative coordinator ('noch', 'zowel')
8	Interjection	0	Ordinary interjection ('ach', 'foei')	0	Base form ('boem')
		1	Noun-like onomatopoeia ((ze doen maar) 'klik-klik')